Improvement in looms



NTTED STATES aTnNT' Trice...

VILLIAM TUNSTILL, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSlGNOR 'l`O THEODORE H. CONKLING, OF SAME PLACE.

EMPROVEMENT VIN LOOMS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 47,67, dated Hay 9, 1865.

.To @ZZ whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, WrLLrAn TUNs'riLL, of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Looms 5 and l do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, which will enable others skilled in the art to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which- Figure l is a side elevation of this invention. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical section ofthe same, the plane of section being indicated by the line a: m, Fig. 3. Fig. 3 is a plan or top view ofthe same. Fig. 4is a detached elevation of the stop-motion.

Similar letters ofreference indicate'iike parts.

This invention consists inthe application of two endless screws gearing in worm wheels on the axles of the rolls, which carry the warpthread and the finished fabric in such a mauner that a positive and uniform strain is exerted on the fabric as well as on the warpthreads, and no back motion is possible, in combination with a peculiar shedding-motion, consisting of a rocking frame applied in combination with the rolls, delivering thcwarpthreads in such a manner that by the rocking motion of said frame yarn is given to the tread at the proper intervals, and the strain exerted on the warp-threads by the operation of producingthe shed is materially reduced 5 further, in a peculiar device for producing the selva-ge on both edges of the woven fabric, byimparting to one or two threads at each side ofthe loom an up-anddown motion independent of the motion ofthe harness also, in a peculiar double-stop motion, consisting of a roclrshaft` which extends across the loom in front of the hatten, and which is provided with two hooks,

' one at either end, to operate in combination with an oscillating dog and with the beltshipper in such a manner that when the weftl thread breaks o r gives out at either end ofthe shuttle-race the oscillating dog engages with the tail of one ofthe hooks on the rockshaft, and the belt is changed, but if the weft-thread is intact in its place, the hooks, by coming in contact with the same, turn the rock-shaft,

and the oscillating dog produces no change in the position of the belt. p

A represents the frame of a loom, which is made of iron or any other suitable material, and forms the bearings for the several working parts and the general mechanism for weaving. The yarn or warp threads are taken from a series ot' spools put up in a suitable frame on the rear end ofthe loom, and they (the warp-threads) pass through between two rollers, a c', thence over the oscillating frame b, through the harness and reed, and over the breastbeam o to the cloth rollers d d', and after passing these rollers the woven fabric is deposited on the ground or in some suitable receptacle. The rollers c c', and also the rollers d d', are arranged in such relation toward each other that they can be compressed, and the threads or fabric is firmly clamped between them. i

The axles or gudgeons of the rollers a a' have their bearin gs in boxes e, secured to the rear end of the frame A, and the axles or gudgeons of the rollers d d have their bearings in similar boxes,f, at or near the front end ot'` the said frame, and the axles or gudgeons of the lower rollers, c and d, extend beyond their respective boxes far enough to make room for worxn-wheels fi and j, which gear in worms or endless screws g h, mounted on a shaft, k, to which a rotary motion is imparted. by suita ble gear from the driving-shaft of the loom. By the action of the worms and worm-wheels the rollers a. and d are rotated precisely with the, same speed, and the Warp-threads, when once properly stretched, retain their tension, and no back motion is possible.

In order to produce the shed without subjecting the warp-threads to an additional strain, or7 in other words, to give yarn to the thread, a shedding-motion is applied, which consists of a frame, b, to which an oscillating motion is imparted `by a cam, b', mounted on the crank-shaft and acting on a lever, b2, which connects withrsaid frame.

At the time the shed is to be made, the frame b swings forward and the tension ofthe warp-threads is decreased, and after the shuttle has passed through the shed, and while the hatten beats up the weft, the frame b swings back and the warp-threads are restored to their original tension.

The correct action of the shedding-motion actually depends upon the proper tension of the `warp-threads, and upon the action of the rollers a a Z d. If the threads and the fabiic are firmly clamped between these rollers illey will retain their tension and still allow the shedding-motion to produce the desired effect.

The selvage is produced by giving to one or two threads at each side of the loom an upand-down motion independent of the harness. This object is effected by the action of a shaft, Z, which extends across the loom near the bottom part of the frame A. 4Mounted on this shaft are two drums, Z', one of which is provided with two straps, Z2 Z3, which wind thereon in opposite directions, .whereas one strap winds on the other drum in the same direction as the strap Z2. The belts Z2 connect with the heddle cords Z4, and the belt Z3 connects with a crank, Z5, on a small shaft, Z3, which has its bearings in suitable brackets or standards secured to the frame A, and to which a rotary motion is imparted by suitable gear from the driving-shaft. The heddle-cords Z4 extend over pulleys Z7, in the upper part of theframe A, and their loose ends are secured to weights Z, which serve to keep them tight and to raise one heddle after it has been depressed, or depress the same after it has been raisedv by the action ofthe crank Z5 on the strap Z3.

As the crank revolves in the direction of the arrow marked thereon in Fig. 2 of the drawings, the strain exerted on the belt Z3 causes the shaft Z to revolve in the direction @of the arrow marked near it in thc same ligure, and the belts Z2 wind up on the drums Z', causing one heddle to ascend and the other to descend, said heddles being secured to their cords on opposite sides of the pulleys Z7. As the motion of the crank Z5 continues, and after the same has passed its upper center, the belt Z3 becomes slack, the weights Z8 cause the belts Z2 to unwind, and the belt Z3 winds up on the drums Z', and the motion of the heddles is reversed.

The stop-motion consists of a small shaft, m, which extends across the loom in front of the batten. This shaft has its bearings in two swivel-boxes, m', which are secured in the ends of the screw-rods m2 m2'i". One of these rods is fastened in the upper end of a springstandard, 1119*, which is rigidly attached to the frame A,but the other screw-rod, m2, extends from the loose end of a lever, m3, which is secured to the bracket u by means of a pivot, m4, so that it can oseillate back and forth in a horizontal plane. Said oscillating lever is arranged on the upper surface of a bracket, n, which is provided with a slot, n', to form the guide for the belt-shipper n2. This belt-shipper consists of a spring-lever, the spring of which has a tendency to throw the upper end of the same toward the frame and to cause the driving-belt of the loom topass from the fast to the loose pulley. In order to throw the belt back on t-he fast pulley the belt-shipvper has to be forced out in the guide-slot, and when the same is made to catch in the notch n3, near the outer end of said guide-slot, it retains the belt .on the fast pulley until it is thrown out of said notch and allowed to fly back toward the frame A. This object is effected by the action ofthe oscillating lever m3, and in order to force this lever back automatically amd throw the beltshipper out of the notch n3 whenever the weft-thread breaks or gives out, two or more hooked arms, m5, are secured in the shaft m, extending toward the batten in a direction at right angles to the same and with their hooked ends in such a position that they come in contact with the weft-thread whenever the hatten moves forward. By the action of the weft-thread on the hooked ends of the arms m5 the shaft m is turned slightly, and the hooked tail m6,which extends therefrom in a direction opposite the arms m5, is raised clear of a dog, o, which is pivoted to the frame A, and to which an oscillating-motion is imparted by the action of a cam mounted on the shaft Zi and of an arm,o, connected to said dog. as shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings. The dog 0 is provided with a shoulder, and if the arms m5 do not come in contact with the weft-thread-that is to say, if the weft-thread has given out or is broken-the tail mG is caught by the shoulder of the dog, and as said dog moves in the direction of the arrow marked on it in Fig. 2 of the drawings, the lever m3 is forced out against the belt-shipper, throwing the same out ofthe notch n3 and allowing it to follow the tendency of its spring and to cause the belt to change from the fast to the loose pulley.

By having a hooked arm at or near either end of the shaft m, the stop-motion operates instantaneously on whatever side of the loom the weft-thread may break or give out, and no unnecessary throw of the shuttle will take place before the loom stops.

Having thus described myinvention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patentl. The combination of the shaft k, worms g h, wheels t j, rollers a a d d,rockingframe b, arm b3, and cam b',- when constructed and arranged to operate as herein specified.

2. The belts Z2 Z3 and drums Z, in combination with the crank Z5 and the heddle-cords Z4, constructed and operating substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. The devices above described for effecting the stop-motion, arranged substantially as and for the purpose specified.

WILLIAM TUN STILL.

Witnesses:

J AMEs P. HALL,

WM. T. MCNAMARA. 

